What is the expected outcome of effective demand-side management?

The expected outcome of effective demand-side management is the promotion of energy efficiency and integration. This approach focuses on influencing consumer behavior to reduce energy consumption during peak periods, which helps balance supply and demand on the electrical grid. By implementing strategies such as energy-saving programs, incentives for energy-efficient appliances, and real-time energy usage feedback, consumers are encouraged to use energy more efficiently.

Promoting energy efficiency not only benefits consumers by potentially lowering their energy costs but also supports sustainability goals by reducing reliance on fossil fuels and lowering greenhouse gas emissions. Integration refers to the ability to seamlessly incorporate renewable energy sources and manage energy loads more effectively, which is increasingly important in modern energy systems.

The other options do not align with the objectives of effective demand-side management. For instance, increasing the demand for fossil fuels contradicts the principles of promoting energy efficiency and sustainability. Similarly, higher utility bills for consumers and decreased consumer awareness of energy use are outcomes that would typically arise from poor energy management practices rather than effective ones. Thus, the focus on energy efficiency and integration is central to the goals of effective demand-side management.