What do renewable energy certificates (RECs) represent?

Renewable Energy Certificates (RECs) serve as a key mechanism in the promotion and tracking of renewable energy generation. Specifically, each REC represents proof that one megawatt-hour (MWh) of renewable energy—such as solar, wind, or hydropower—has been generated and fed into the grid. These certificates are essential for various regulatory and market-based programs aimed at increasing the proportion of renewable energy in energy supply. By purchasing RECs, individuals and businesses can claim a proportionate amount of renewable energy in their consumption, thereby supporting the growth of renewable energy projects and contributing to environmental sustainability.

The other choices do not accurately reflect the purpose of RECs. For instance, they do not signify any form of non-renewable energy production or confirm the use of fossil fuels, nor do they provide verification related to grid failures. RECs are specifically designed to track the generation of energy from renewable sources, making them integral to the renewable energy market and consumer claims regarding sustainable energy use.